Antibiotics for sore throat

Content:

There is a popular opinion among people that the harm from taking antibiotics far exceeds their beneficial effect. Is it so? Clinical observations led to the conclusion: taking antibiotics during a sore throat can not only shorten the duration of the disease, but (most importantly!) Avoid complications that often occur after a sore throat.

Usually, the doctor prescribes a course of antibiotics after receiving test results. Their goal is to determine the causative agent of the disease, to establish its sensitivity to one or another type of antibiotic. But there are cases when the doctor prescribes these drugs, without waiting for the test results.

Temperature exceeds 38 °.
On the glands, palate, larynx there is a raid.
Lymph nodes are enlarged.
With these symptoms, there is no cough and runny nose.

These symptoms are sufficient indicators for the appointment of antibiotics. Usually for the first time the days of illness therapist prescribes:

или его производные. Penicillin or its derivatives. These broad-spectrum preparations have bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties. Usually administered intramuscularly. Well absorbed, facilitate the course of angina.
. Amoxicillin . This semisynthetic antibiotic from the penicillin group copes well with most aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

If the patient is allergic to these drugs or the smear test results show that the pathogen of the sore throat is not sensitive to them, the following drugs are prescribed.

. Klacid (Clarithromycin) . Belongs to the group of macrolides, not antibiotics. The drug is well absorbed, accumulating mainly in the tissues, and not the serum.
. Cephalexin . The representative of the cephalosporin series is a broad spectrum antibiotic. Bactericidal effect.
. Sumamed . Macrolide azalide. The advantage of the drug is that it should not be taken several times a day, but only once a day.
. Cefazemin .
The drug from the group of cephalosporins is usually prescribed in the form of injections, has a bactericidal effect.

Depending on the condition of the patient and the characteristics of his sore throat, the doctor may prescribe Rulid, Erythromycin, Lendacin, or other antibiotics.

What are the side effects of antibiotics?

Without a prescription to take antibiotics can not.

If their dosage is insufficient, the bacteria will become more resistant to the drug: it will be more difficult to defeat the disease.
Excess dosage threatens intoxication, poisoning.
An improperly selected antibiotic will simply not have any effect on the causative agent.

But even the right antibiotics can cause unpleasant side effects. Patients may appear:

Digestive disorders (constipation, diarrhea, nausea): antibiotics disrupt the intestinal flora.
Allergic reactions.
Dizziness.
Violations of the internal organs.

It should be noted that the most low-toxic and, therefore, harmless drugs are drugs from the penicillin group.

Cephalosporins of the latest generations are much less toxic than the same drugs of the first generations.

Side effects after taking antibiotics will not appear if:

The doctor selects the drug, focusing on the features of the patient.
When appointing, the type of sore throat, the sensitivity of its pathogen to a specific drug is taken into account.
Together with antibiotics, medications are prescribed to restore the intestinal flora and prevent allergic reactions.

It is important to remember: angina can be different, and antibiotics, which the doctor prescribes for their treatment, must act on their pathogen.

How to drink antibiotics for angina?

The most important rule: antibiotics for tonsillitis, as with any other ailments, can be drunk only after the recommendation of a specialist, in the dosages prescribed by him.
To select the most effective antibiotic, it is necessary to undergo a series of tests, including the determination of the susceptibility of the pathogen to specific drugs.
You need to take the medicine at regular intervals, drinking plenty of pills with water.
The course of treatment should last as many days as the doctor indicated, without interruption.
In parallel with antibiotics, it is recommended to take drugs that restore the intestinal flora: Bifiform, Acepol, etc.
During the course of treatment should completely abandon alcohol and carefully follow the diet.

Antibiotics for the treatment of catarrhal angina

. Phenoxymethylpenicillin . Natural antibiotic of the penicillin group, developed on the basis of the activity of microorganisms. It is used to treat a sore throat that is mild or moderate. It has a narrow action, but can cause side, very undesirable, effects: nausea, vomiting, skin rashes.
. Oxacillin . Semisynthetic penicillin, which kills staph infections that do not respond to phenoxymethylpenicillin. May cause allergic reactions of various types, especially in hypersensitive people. Therefore, it should be prescribed only by a doctor in strictly selected doses.
. Ampicillin . Like all previous drugs, it belongs to the broad-spectrum antibiotics of the penicillin group. Semisynthetic ampicillin destroys the cell walls of the bacteria that caused the infection. Not recommended for asthma, kidney disease.

All of these antibiotics have a pronounced antibacterial (killing bacteria) effect, low toxicity, but selectively affect different types of staphylococci and streptococci. They penetrate little into the foci of inflammation. The task of a specialist is to accurately determine the strain that caused the disease and select the most effective medicine.

Unlike the penicillin group, cephalosporins more quickly and more accurately fall into the foci of inflammation, so today they are used most often. The main disadvantage of this group is the growing allergic reactions with frequent use. With catarrhal sore throat, which occurs in severe form, the doctor may prescribe:

, воздействующий на грамположительные и грамотрицательные кокки. Cefaloridine , acting on gram-positive and gram-negative cocci. It is poorly absorbed, so most often it is not administered as a pill, but as an injection.
. Cefazolin . It is absorbed very quickly, so experts often appoint it, usually in the form of tablets.

It should be remembered: taking antibiotics of any kind should be subject to strict food regime.

Antibiotics for lacunar tonsillitis

As in the case of catarrhal angina, if the disease is caused by staphylo-or streptococci, the patient is prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotics from the group of cephalosporins or penicillins. In addition to (or instead of) them, the doctor may prescribe an antibiotic from the group of macrolides. Their distinctive feature is a bacteriostatic action. They inhibit protein synthesis that occurs in microorganisms, depriving them of the ability to multiply. Especially often prescribed today:

. Clarithromycin . A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic disrupts protein synthesis in microorganisms that settle inside cells and on cell membranes. Active against most strains of strepto-and staphylococci. Easily digested, effectively fights bacterial infections. Contraindicated in pregnancy and kidney disease.
. Clarbact . Interferes with reproduction of bacteria. Among the side effects of clarbact are insomnia, nightmares, dizziness, and discomfort in the area of the alimentary tract.

Adenovirus as the cause of lacunar tonsillitis

The cause of lacunar angina can be adenovirus. This is the name of a DNA-containing virus, which can belong to different serotypes. Most often, adenoviruses cause a disease known as ARVI, but sometimes they can become the causative agent of lacunar tonsillitis. In this case, as well as with staphylococcal or streptococcal infections, broad-spectrum antibiotics from the cephalosporins group are prescribed. Macrolides or penicillins.

Antibiotics for follicular sore throat

For the treatment of follicular angina, antibiotics are prescribed without fail. Their goal:

Reduction and complete removal of the symptoms of angina.
Destroying or stopping the reproduction of pathogens causing the disease.
Prevention of possible complications.
Reducing the duration of the disease.

In order to select the most effective antibiotic, conduct studies of smears from the pharynx, and then prescribe the desired drug. If the condition of the patient is severe, then in those 2-3 days while the analysis is being prepared, the doctor may prescribe an antibiotic of a wider spectrum of action.

As with other types of angina, patients are prescribed Ciprofloxacin, Amoxiclav, Doxycycline, or other drugs from the group of penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins.

Antibiotics for fungal tonsillitis

The disease does not bring a complete weakening of the body. No fever, no sore throat. Only in the sky and tonsils is going white, like a curd, fragile plaque. After it is removed, it exposes a bright red, as if varnished mucous. Swollen lymph nodes are barely noticeable and painless.

Since mushrooms are indifferent to antibiotics, they are not used in the treatment of fungal tonsillitis. The main treatment is to eliminate the cause of the disease (for example, stopping smoking, antibiotics, etc.), normalizing lifestyle. In the first place in the treatment come antifungal drugs, sprays that relieve inflammation: Nystatin, Hexoral, etc.

Antibiotics for phlegmonous sore throat

Phlegmonous sore throat occurs in three stages. Initially, swelling of the oral mucosa occurs, then a painful, well-marked infiltrate (accumulation of dead cells mixed with blood and lymph) is formed. An abscess develops later. If after mandatory treatment with antibiotics, rinses, etc. abscess is not opened independently, surgical intervention is indicated. In any case, a noticeable fistula remains at the site of the abscess, but the condition abruptly normalizes. However, sometimes, after a forced dissection, the patient's condition may deteriorate again due to the adhesion of tissues. In any case, the patient needs a course of antibiotics. Together with macrolides or cephalosporins, doctors often prescribe:

Anti-inflammatory drugs: Nimesil, Ibuprofen, etc.
Antiallergic drugs: Loratadine, etc.

All forms of angina are treatable, but only if the treatment is chosen correctly and started in a timely manner.

| November 6, 2014 | | 4 490 | ENT diseases